黄山地区居民超重/肥胖与膳食结构的关系研究

The Relationship Between Residents' Overweight/Obesity and Intake of Food in Huangshan Area

目的:了解安徽黄山地区居民的超重/肥胖与膳食结构的关系,为当地居民超重/肥胖的膳食营养干预提供参考和建议。方法:利用方便抽样的方法,在黄山地区居住时间超过10年的家庭中选择200户,称重法记录包括1个休息日在内的连续3日膳食摄入情况,根据标准人日数求出平均每人每天膳食摄入量。从每个家庭中选1名40岁以上者,问卷调查人口学资料及健康状况,规范测量身高、体重、血压、腰围。采用二分类Logistic回归分析超重/肥胖与膳食因素的关系。结果:居民超重率为23.5%、肥胖率5.0%。Logistic回归分析表明:蛋白质供能比过低(OR=1.325,95%CI=1.011~2.948)、脂肪供能比过高(OR=1.749,95%CI=1.064~3.699)、碳水化合物供能比过高(OR=1.238,95%CI=1.057~2.853)以及食盐摄入量(OR=1.493,95%CI=1.270~1.755)具有统计学意义。脂肪供能比过高(OR=1.281,95%CI=1.110~2.716)可能是腹型肥胖的危险因素。结论:膳食因素对该地区居民超重/肥胖和腰围可能有影响。

[Objective] To investigate the local residents＇ diet, the prevalence of overweight/obesity in Huangshan area of Auhui prov- ince to provide suggestions for improving the dietary structure and health conditions, and preventing the chronic noncommunicable diseases related to nutrition of local residents. [Method] Totally 200 families which have been living in Huangshan area for more than 10 years were selected through convenience sampling. We investigated the dietary intake during three consecutive days including a weekend day by using Weighting Method. One family member aged over 40 years old was selected for questionnaire survey, including demographic data, history of disease, and measurement of height, weight, blood pressure, waist circumference, etc. Unconditional dichotomy logistic regression analy- sis were applied in correlation analysis. [Result] According to BMI index in the survey, 23.5% residents were overweight, 5% residents were obesity. Logistic regression analysis showed that low energy ratio of protein （OR = 1. 325, 95% CI = 1.011 -2. 948 ） , high energy ratio of fat （ OR = 1. 749, 95% CI = 1. 064 - 3.699 ）, high energy ratio of carbohydrate （ OR = 1. 238, 95% CI = 1. 057 - 2. 853 ） and salt in- take （ OR = 1. 493, 95% CI = 1. 270- 1. 755 ） were risk factors for obesity. The prevalence rate of abdominal obesity was 39. 0% . Logistic regression analysis showed that high energy ratio of fat （OR = 1. 281, 95% CI = 1.110 -2. 716） was statistically significant. [Conclusion] The dietary factors may be risk for overweight / obesity and abdominal obesity.