卡氏小鼠的种群数量变动

Variation of the Population Density of Mus caroli

目的 :探讨卡氏小鼠在云南中、西部地区的地理分布 ,在西部地区的季节变动和年度变动。方法 :收集近期云南中、西部地区的鼠型小兽文献资料和汇集 1985 (瑞丽 )、1987(陇川 )和 1986(盈江、保山 )～ 1996年的调查资料 ,较系统地对卡氏小鼠的相对数量变动进行研究。结果 :卡氏小鼠在分布区内具有斑块性集群分布的特征 ,且较为集中地分布于海拔 2 0 0 0m以下的北纬 2 6°以南和 2 3°以北的大部分地区。种群相对数量高峰瑞丽地区出现在 6～ 8月和 12月份 ;陇川地区为 5～ 7月 ;盈江地区出现在 7、12月 ;保山地区为 6～ 7月、11～ 12月。连续 10～ 12年的年间变动表明 ,卡氏小鼠在瑞丽、陇川、盈江和保山 4地区的鼠型小兽群落中的年平均百分比分别为 2 .96%、2 .83 %、2 .64 %和 7.2 0 %。结论 :卡氏小鼠具有在一定纬度范围内分布和在特殊斑块内集群的特征。在数量分布较多的不同调查区内种群季节波动较为一致 ;年间变动相对稳定。

Objective:To investigate the variation of the population density and geographical distribution trends. Methods:On the basis of the field investigation in the flatland areas in Ruili town,Ying jiang,Longchuan county and Baoshan town from 1985,1987 and 1986 to 1996 and the related investigation material from central western districts in Yunnan,the variation of the population density of Mus caroli was analyzed. Results: Mus caroli was comparatively concentrated in the central western distrcts of Yunnan under 2 000 m of altitude,northern latitude under 26 degree and up 23 degree,which reflexed a strong characteristics of patchy assembly distribution. The seasonal fluctuation of the population density showed a double peak type in the three flatland areas, the emerged time from June to August and December in Ruili, July and December in Yingjiang, from June to July and from November to December in Baoshan.But one peak type was only in Longchuan,from May to July for its emerged time. The annual average constituent twelve years of Mus caroli were 2.96 %, 2.83 %, 2.64 % and 7.20 % in Ruili,Longchuan,Yingjiang and Baoshan. Conclusion:There are the characteristics of limited latitude areas and patchy assembly for Mus caroli .Seasonal fluctuation of the population was identical in the different several areas. Annual variation of Mus caroli was relatively stable in four couties (towns).