惠州姚娘信仰的形成与发展

The Formation and Development of Yao Niang Belief in Huizhou

姚娘原本是汉代博罗地区一位平民女子,因品行贞淑而被乡人立庙祭祀,这种崇拜代代相传,香火不绝,有关她的传说故事不仅见于史册,也在当地村民中口口相传。姚娘信仰的范围,主要在博罗车村一带,可以算得上是惠州地区最小的神衹之一。它的影响力虽小,但是能从姚娘信仰中看到岭南地区女神信仰的发展特点和一般规律。文章在文献史料与口头传说的基础上,运用民俗学、历史人类学的一般研究方法,对姚娘的生平及其信仰的发展状况进行初步探析。

Yao Niang was originally a civilian woman in the Boluo region of Han Dynasty. She was worshiped by people because of her good conduct, and such a kind of worship was inherited from generation to generation. Legends of Yao Niang were documented in historical documents and passed down by word of mouth from the local villagers .Yao Niang Belief was worshiped mainly in Cheeun Village of Boluo Coutry, which was regarded as one of the smallest gods in Huizhou region .Although the influence is not extensively, we can find the characteristics of the development and general laws of the goddess in the Lingnan region from Yao Niang Belief. This article makes a preliminary analysis on Yao Niang＇s life and the development of Yao Niang Belief by using general research method of folklore and historical anthropology on the basis of historical data documentations as well as the oral legends.