长航时飞行人员腰腿痛的发病情况与疗效观察

Incidence and therapeutic effect of lumbocrural pain with flight crew during long-time flight

目的调查长航时飞行人员腰腿痛的发病率及疗效。方法 2014年10月~2016年8月采用自制调查问卷表对驻京航空兵运输机部队768名飞行人员长航时(按飞行总时间<5000 h、5000~12 000 h和>12 000 h分三组)飞行腰腿痛的发病情况进行调查,并将236名腰腿痛飞行人员依据随机数字表法分为单纯理疗组(单纯组)和麦肯基疗法(MDT)结合理疗组(MDT组),比较两组的视觉模拟评分和日本骨科协会评分评估治疗腰腿痛的改善率。结果 768名飞行人员患有腰腿痛236名,总发病率为30.7%,其中,飞行总时间>12 000 h的273名飞行人员患有腰腿痛145名,发病率高达53.1%,远远高于<5000 h和5000~12 000 h的发病率(P<0.05)。两组治疗后视觉模拟评分优良率均高于治疗前(P<0.05),MDT组治疗后视觉模拟评分优良率高于单纯组(P<0.05)。MDT组总有效率显著高于单纯组(P<0.05)。结论长航时飞行人员腰腿痛的发病率较高,且与飞行总时间密切相关。飞行总时间越长,该病的发病率越高。MDT配合理疗治疗飞行人员腰腿痛有显著的临床效果,而且该疗法简单、安全、见效快。

Objective To investigate the incidence and therapeutic effect of lumbocrural pain with flight crew during long-time flight. Methods From October 2014 to August 2016, the incidence of lumbocrural pain with 768 flight crew of Beijing Air Force Transporter during long-time flight （divided into three groups in according to the flight total time： 5000 h, 5000-12 000 h and 〉 12 000 h） were investigated by self-made questionnaire, 236 flight crew with lumbocrural pain were randomly divided into simple physiotherapy group and McKenzie therapy combined with physiotherapy group （MDT group） according to the random number table method. The improvement rate of lumbocrural pain was evaluated by the visual analogue score and Japanese orthopedic association score between two groups. Results 236 of 768 flight crew had lumbocrural pain, total incidence rate of 30.7%, and 145 of 273 flight crew that flight total time that was greater than 12 000 h had lumbocrural pain, the incidence rate as high as 53.1% which was farther higher than 〈 5000 h and 5000- 12 000 h （P 〈 0.05）. After treatment, excellent and good rates of visual analogue score in two groups were higher than before treatment （P 〈 0.05）. Visual analogue score of MDT group after treatment was higher than that of simple group （P 〈 0.05）. Total effective rate of MDT group was significantly higher than that of control group （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion The incidence of lumbocrural pain in flight crew with long-time flight is higher, and is closely related to the total flight time. The longer the total time of flight, the higher the incidence of the disease. McKenzie therapy with physiotherapy to treat lumbocrural pain of flight crew has a significant clinical efficacy, and the therapy is simple, safe, quick.