高通量免疫组库测序技术在血液系统肿瘤中的应用进展

Application progress of high-throughput immune repertoire sequencing technology in hematological malignancies

高通量免疫组库测序技术是通过对B细胞受体(BCR)或者T细胞受体(TCR)的互补决定区(CDR)进行深度测序,借助相关数据分析方法,全面解析T或B细胞识别抗原的多样性,从而衍生为一种从组学角度理解适应性免疫机制的研究方法,其在抗体研发、感染免疫、肿瘤免疫等领域有重要的应用价值。在恶性T或B淋巴细胞肿瘤表面表达单克隆TCR或BCR分子,利用高通量免疫组库测序技术系统性分析TCR或BCR,发现特定的CDR基因序列,从而为T或B淋巴细胞肿瘤诊断、微小残留病灶监测提供一种新方法 ,此外,高通量免疫组库测序技术也为造血干细胞移植后免疫重建评估提供一种新的方法。本文就高通量免疫组库测序技术在血液系统肿瘤中的应用作一综述。

High-throughput immune repertoire sequencing technology makes systemic analysis of the diversity of T or B cell recognizing antigen through deep-sequencing the complementarity determining regions （CDRs） of B cell receptor （BCR） or T cell receptor （TCR）, in virtue of related data analysis method, thus derived for a study method fnr understanding the immunity from the omics angle, which plays an important role in the areas of antibody discovery, infection and cancer immunity. Generally, T or B cell-malignancies originate from a single clone which expresses a TCR or BCR. High-throughput immune repertoire sequencing can be used to make systemic analysis of TCR or BCR, and identify the specific CDR sequence, thus to provide a novel method for the diagnosis of T or B cell malignancies and the monitor of minimal residue diseases. In addition, high-throughput immune repertoire sequencing technology also provides a novel method for the evaluation of immune reconstitution after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. This paper reviews the application of high-throughput immune repertoire sequencing in hematological malignancies.