北京东灵山地区鼠类体外寄生虫营养生态位的研究

Study on Trophic Niche Among the Ectoparasites of Rodent in Dongling Mountain in Beijing, China

目的 :了解北京东灵山地区鼠类体外寄生虫营养生态位的情况。方法 :计算寄生在 7种鼠类体表的 18种主要寄生虫的生态位宽度和彼此间的重叠指数。通过聚类分析 ,将重叠指数较高的寄生虫种类分在一个类群。结果 :营养生态位最宽的种类 ,蚤类是窄板额蚤 ,蜱类是全沟硬蜱 ,革螨是巢鼠厉螨 ,恙螨是东方纤恙螨。寄生虫群落中组成较高的物种相互间的营养生态位重叠指数较高 ,如毒厉螨和土尔克厉螨 ,巴氏下盾螨和厩真厉螨 ,二齿新蚤和东方真厉螨 ,特新蚤和东方纤恙螨 ,西米迪狭蚤和巴氏下盾螨。结论

Objective:To investigate the trophic niche of ectoparasites of the rodent in Dongling Mountain, Western Beijing. Methods:The niche breadth and niche overlap of 18 dominant species of ectoparasites in resource-series formed by 7 species of rodents were calculated. The species of ectoparasites with great niche overlap were classified as one niche overlap group by clustering analysis. Results:The values of trophic niche breadth of Frontopsylla nakagawai, Ixodes persulcatus, Laelaps micromydis, and Lepotrombidium orientale were the widest in different ectoparasity type. The value of niche overlap of the dominant ectoparasities was high, e.g. L.echidninus and L.turskestanicus, Hypoaspis pavlovskii and Eulaelaps stabularis, Neopsylla bidentatiformis and E.dongfangis, N.specialis and L.orientale, H.pavlovskii and Stenoponia sidim . Conclusion:The ectoparasites species with great niche overlap have similar need for host.