《文心雕龙·铨赋》篇探微

Study on the Quan Fu of Wenxin Diaolong

《铨赋》篇是系统、成熟的赋体专论。是"诠",还是"铨",笔者所见的版本并不相同。因"铨"字更为妥帖,本文用"铨"而弃"诠"。刘勰虽置"赋"于文体论中,但并不否认"赋用"。其"赋"观是赋"体"兼"赋用"。刘勰所说的"登高之旨"不是"赋诗言志"的政事行为,是指诗赋写作之初的"睹物兴情"。亦即《明诗》篇所讲的"应物斯感"。他倡导"丽词雅义"的原因有三:一是体现宗"经"的指导思想。二是追求雅"丽"的审美理想。三是"洞见症结,针对当时以发药"。目前文章写作还存在格调不高、文字粗疏的弊端,刘勰的"丽词雅义"说不失为一剂救弊的良药。从这个意义上看,刘勰的赋学理论不单单是就赋而言,已经具有某种普适性的文章学价值。

Chapter of Quan Fu is a systematic and mature style of monograph. There are two versions of the word ＂Quan （诠）＂ or ＂Quan （铨）＇. The word ＂Quan （铨）＂ is more appropriate in the author＇s view. Although Liu Xie put ＂Fu＂ in the stylistics, he doesn＇t deny the use of ＂Fu Yong＂. The view of ＂Fu＂ includes stylistics of Fu and ＂Fu Yong＂. Liu Xie advocates the ＂Li Ci Ya Yi＂, which has three reasons. First, it reflects the ＂Jing＂ of guiding ideology. Second, it pursuits the ＂Li＂ of aesthetic ideals. Third, it starts from the factual of that time. Now, writings of article still have the problems of style which is not deep meaning and word which is vulgar. So, we use Liu Xie＇s writing technique to make up these shortcomings. From this angle to see, Liu Xie＇s the theory of Fu has the value of using uniVersal articles.