同伴教育对门诊2型糖尿病患者生化指标、自我管理能力及心理状态的影响研究

Effect study of peer education on biochemical indexes,self-management ability and psychological state of outpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

目的探讨同伴教育对门诊2型糖尿病患者生化指标、自我管理能力及心理状态的影响。方法选取2016年1~10月上海市奉贤区中心医院门诊收治的2型糖尿病患者112例,采取随机数字表法分成两组,每组56例。两组患者均给予常规糖尿病健康教育,观察组同时给予同伴支持教育,两组均连续干预2个月,比较干预前后患者的血糖、血脂控制情况及自我管理能力与心理状态。结果两组干预后FPG、2h PG、Hb A1c水平均较干预前显著下降(P<0.01),观察组较对照组下降更明显(P<0.01)。两组干预后TC、TG、LDL-C水平均较干预前显著下降(P<0.01),观察组较对照组下降更明显(P<0.01)。两组干预后糖尿病自我管理量表各项评分及总分均较干预前显著上升(P<0.01),观察组较对照组升高更明显(P<0.01)。观察组干预后SAS、SDS评分均较干预前及对照组显著下降(P<0.01)。结论同伴教育应用于门诊2型糖尿病患者的健康教育中可有效提高健康教育效果,增强患者的自我管理能力,缓解抑郁、焦虑等负性心理,提高血糖控制效果。

Objective To explore effect of peer education on biochemical indexes, self-management ability and psycho- logical state of outpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods 112 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in De- partment of Outpatient, Center Hospital of Fengxian District, Shanghai City from January to October 2016 were selected and divided into two groups by using random number table method. Each group of 56 cases. Routine diabetes health ed- ucation was used in two groups, peer support education was provided in observation group as well. The two groups were continuously intervened for 2 months. Blood glucose control, blood lipid control, self-management ability and psycho- logical state of patients before and after intervention were compared. Results FPG, 2hPG, HbAIC levels after interven- tion in two groups were significantly lower than before intervention （P 〈 0.01）, observation group was significantly lower than control group （P 〈 0.01）. TC, TG, LDL-C levels after intervention in two groups were significantly lower than be- fore intervention （P 〈 0.01）, observation group was significantly lower than control group （P 〈 0.01）. The scores and to- tal scores of self-management scale in two groups were significantly higher than before intervention （P 〈 0.01）, obser- vation group was significantly higher than control group （P 〈 0.01）. SAS and SDS scores of observation group after in- tervention were significantly lower than before intervention and control group （P 〈 0.01）. Conclusion Peer education applied in health education for outpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus can effectively improve health education effect, enhance self-management ability of patients, alleviate depression, anxiety and other negative psychology, improve blood glucose control effect.