酸化糟朽纸张增湿强研究

Research on Increasing Wet Strength of the Acidized Rotten Paper

我国古代的书画艺术源远流长,历代流传下来的作品绚丽多彩,但多数由于年代久远,出现严重的酸化、糟朽、残破、折条、水渍等,亟待修复与保护。现有古旧字画常见的修复方法为对其进行重新装裱,装裱过程中酸化糟朽纸张遇水易发生破损,加重其受损。本课题采用磷钨酸、磷酸溶解于乙醇溶液(LC1)、氢氧化钡甲醇溶液(LC2)作用于通过人工加速老化制备的酸化糟朽纸张模拟样品,并通过测试采用LC试剂处理模拟样品的pH值、白度、湿抗张力、湿撕裂度、湿耐破度等物理强度,证明了LC试剂在增加纸张湿强度和脱酸方面的作用,可以有效增加其湿强度,防止其在修裱过程中产生破损等现象,并可以降低其酸度。实验结果表明LC试剂对于古旧书画的揭裱装裱以及长久保存具有重要意义。

Calligraphy and painting art have a long history in China and the splendid opuses have passed down through the ages, but due to the passage of time, most of them have appeared severe acidification, rotten, broken, folded, water stained, etc. which need to be rebuilt and repaired urgently. At present the common repair method for antique calligraphy and painting is remounting. In the process of remounting, the acidification rotten paper is easy to damage when contacting water. Through several experiments, we found that the wet tear strength of Xuan paper could increase after coating ethanol solution of phosphotnngstic acid, phosphoric acid （ LC1 ） and methanol solution of barium hydroxide （LC2）. The simulated acidized rotten paper sample was prepared by artificial accelerated aging, on which LC agent was coated, then paper＇s pH, whiteness, wet tensile strength, wet tearing strength and wet bursting strength were tested. The results indicated that LC agent not only could increase the wet strength, but also could reduce acidity, prolong the life of paper, which was of great significance for antique calligraphy and painting mounting and saving for a long time.