光敏剂在光动力治疗中的研究进展

Advancement of photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy

对光动力治疗(photodynamic therapy,PDT)中常用的光敏剂进行了综述.光动力治疗自问世以来,已被广泛应用于肿瘤以及非肿瘤疾病的治疗.在光化学反应中,能够被光照激活并把能量传递给反应物,而本身并不发生反应的物质被称为光敏剂.光敏剂作为PDT的一个重要影响因素,其研究进展对于PDT的发展起着非常重要的作用.光敏剂大体分为三代:第一代以血卟啉衍生物为主,第二代以卟啉、卟吩为代表,第三代是在第二代的基础上进行化学基团修饰.经过几十年的发展,光敏剂的化学性质更加稳定,副作用更加小.

This paper reviews the main types of photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy （PDT）. PDT has been widely used in the treatment of tumors and non-neoplastic diseases since its invention. In a photochemical reaction, a material is called photosensitizer if it can be activated by light with energy transferred to reactants without reaction. Photosensitizer is an important impact factor in PDT, and its research progress is important in the development of PDT. Photosensitizer has three generations： the first dominated by hematoporphyrin derivative, the second represented by porphyrin and porphin, and the third being modification of the second generation chemical groups. After decades of development, chemical properties of photosensitizer has become stable with less side effects.