广西各类型铜鼓的分布与铜锡铅矿点之间的关系——兼论广西古代铜鼓矿料来源和铸造地问题

The Correspondence Between Distribution of Bronze Drums and Bronze-source Ores in Guangxi ——A discussion on the provenance of ancient bronze drums in Guangxi

广西的铜鼓研究从20世纪80年代初算起已经三十多年，但是在万家坝等8型铜鼓中，比较明确矿料来源的只有北流型和灵山型；铸造地问题也是一直悬而未决．文章通过比对广西各类型铜鼓和铜锡铅矿点的分布范围，可以看到二者之间存在高度对应：铜锡铅矿点的分布是影响铜鼓分布的重要因素，矿点开发的程度和年代早晚也间接影响到铜鼓类型的兴衰发展．这样的分布规律暗示着铜鼓应是在古人有目的地选择靠近矿点的地理位置后，就地或就近取材铸造．铜鼓从云南传入广西后，在广西被“本土化”，骆越、西瓯、僚、乌浒、俚等先民利用广西丰富的矿产资源，创造出了光辉灿烂的铜鼓文化．

It has been over 30 years since 1980s＇ for bronze drums research in Guangxi, but in the 8 types of bronze drums, only Beiliu and Lingshan Type have a clear provenance, what＇s more, their casted plots are still in discussing. Through comparing, there is a high correspondence between the distributions of bronze drums and bronze-source ores, i.e. copper, tin and lead. Opinion of this article is ： bronze-source ores had a big influence on the distribution of bronze drums, and the exploiting scale and age of ores indirectly in- fluenced the rise and fall of bronze drums. Thus distribution rule gives a hint that in ancient time, people casted bronze drums by using the nearest ore sources after they chose a good place where next to bronze ores. Bronze drums were＂localized＇after they spread to Guangxi from Yunnan. People from Luoyue, Xi＇ou, Liao, Wuhu and Li tribes utilized the abundant ores in Guangxi and created the splendid bronze drums culture.