不同基肥对大棚土壤养分、豇豆产量及品质的影响

Effect of Different Basal Fertilizers on Soil Fertility and Cowpea Quality and Yield

以豇豆(Vigna unguiculata)为材料,采用椰糠有机肥、生物酵素·活性菌肥和化肥作基肥,研究不同种类肥料和不同施用量对土壤养分、豇豆品质及产量的影响。结果表明:(1)施用椰糠有机肥对土壤质量的改善效果更明显,尤其施用量在14 286 kg·hm^(-2)(B2)时,土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷、速效钾含量以及p H值较种植前(CK0)及施用化肥的处理(CK)均有不同程度上升,且均达显著性差异;(2)椰糠有机肥总体表现出优于化肥及生物酵素·活性菌肥的良好效果,其中施用量为9 524 kg·hm^(-2)(B1)时,产量最高,B2次之,但B1,B2之间差异不显著;(3)B2处理豇豆表现出最好的综合营养品质。

Cowpea was planted and applied with coir organic fertilizer, bio-mixed active fertilizer and compound fertilizer as a basal fertilizer to study the effects of the application rates of the basal fertilizer on soil fertility and cowpea pod quality and yield. The results showed that the coir organic fertilizer had a better effect on the improvement of soil fertility and that the application of the coir organic fertilizer especially at the rate of 14 285.71 kg · hm-2（B2） increased the contents of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium and the pH value to some extents, which were significantly different as compared to those of the control （CK0） before planting and the compound fertilizer treatment （CK）. The coir organic fertilizer had better effect than the compound fertilizer and biological enzyme activity, and produced the highest yield at the application rate of 9 523.81kg ·hm-2（ B1 ）, followed by the B2. There was no significant difference in cowpea yield between B1 and B2. Cowpea treated with B2 exhibited the best overall pod nutritional quality.