紫金牛属(紫金牛科)植物花部特征显微观测及其分类学意义

Microscopic Observation of the Flower Characters of Ardisia Plants and its Taxonomic Significance

利用显微解剖方法对紫金牛属(Ardisia)14个类群的9个花部形态特征进行解剖学研究。结果表明,紫金牛属植物的花瓣基部腺状乳突、子房毛被、胚珠轮数可作为属下等级划分依据,而花瓣、萼片、子房斑点、胎座形状和胚珠数量可作为种间划分的重要依据。同一类群的胚珠轮数较稳定,而胚珠数量常有变化。补充和细化了花部结构的一些性状,特别是轮叶紫金牛。澄清了郎伞木与朱砂根、大罗伞树的关系。推测了一些花部性状的演化趋势。紫金牛属的花部特征在种间具有较大差异,可作为种间划分的依据,亦可以作为属下等级划分的重要参考,具有重要的分类学意义。

Flowers of plants of 14 Ardisia taxa were micro dissected to observe their 9 morphological characters. The observations indicated that petal base glandular papillose, ovary indumentum and ovule series can be used for Ardisia subordinate classification. Petal punctuate, sepal punctuate, anther punctuate, placenta shape and ovule quantity can be used for interspecific classification. The arrangement of ovule series was relatively stable, but the number of ovules often changed in the same taxa. Some characters of floral structure were supplemented and refined, especially for A. ordinata. The relationship between A. elegans and A. crenata, A. hanceana was clarified. Evolution trend of some floral characters was speculated. The floral characters of Arclisia are highly interspecifically different and can hence be used for the classification of interspecies and genus subordinate.