2011～2015年融水县5岁以下儿童死亡监测分析

Analysis on monitoring of deaths of children under five years old,Rongshui county,2011-2015

目的了解融水县5岁以下儿童死亡水平及其影响因素,为制定降低儿童死亡政策和干预措施提供依据。方法对2011~2015年融水县5岁以下儿童死亡监测资料进行统计分析。结果 2011~2015年融水县新生儿死亡144人、婴儿死亡265人、5岁以下儿童死亡353人,平均死亡率分别为4.70‰、8.66‰、11.53‰,死亡率均呈下降趋势(χ_(婴儿)~2=15.93,P<0.01;χ_(5岁以下儿童)~2=21.41,P<0.01;χ_(新生儿)~2=7.31,P>0.05)。3个年龄组死亡率均为农村高于城镇(P<0.01)。死亡主要原因依次为肺炎、出生窒息、早产或低出生体重、先天性心脏病、意外窒息等。结论 2011~2015年融水县5岁以下儿童死亡率明显下降。

Objective To understand the level of death for children under five years old and the influencing factors,so as to provide basis for making prevention and control strategies to reduce the mortality among the children. Methods Statistical analysis was made on the monitored data of death for children under five years old from in Rongshui county, 2011 - 2015. Results During 2011-2015,there were 144 deaths of newborns,265 deaths of babies,and 353 deaths of children under five years old,with the average mortality rate of 4.70‰ ,8.66‰ and 11.53‰. All the mortality rates kept a decreasing trend（ Х^2 baby = 15.93, P 〈0.01; Х^2 child der five years old =21. 41, P 〈0.01; Х^2 newborns= 7. 31, P 〈0.05）. All the mortality rates of the three groups in the rural area were higher than those in the urban area（ P 〈0.01）. Pneumonia,neonatal asphyxia, premature delivery or low birth weight, congenital heart disease, accidental suffocation, etc, are the leading causes of deaths. Conclusion The mortality rate of children under five years old shows an obvious decreasing trend in Rong- shui county during 2011-2015.