南大洋及相邻温带海域夏季小型浮游动物的摄食作用

MICROZOOPLANKTON GRAZING IMPACT IN SOUTHERN OCEAN AND TEMPERATE SEA AREA AROUND DURING AUSTRAL SUMMER

小型浮游动物在海洋食物网中扮演着重要的角色。2012年12月—2013年3月,利用稀释培养方法开展了南大洋及温带海域小型浮游动物对浮游植物的摄食实验研究。结果表明,浮游植物的生长率为0.04—0.89 d^(–1),小型浮游动物对浮游植物的摄食率为0.07—1.29 d^(–1)。浮游动物日摄食量占浮游植物现存量的6.4%—72.5%,对浮游植物初级生产力的摄食压力也较大,为14%—776.9%。尽管本实验中浮游动物的摄食率可能被高估,但在南大洋及温带海域生态系统中,小型浮游动物对浮游植物仍具有重要的调控作用。

Microzooplankton have an important role in the marine food web. To clarify the impact on phytoplankton of microzooplankton grazing, dilution incubations were undertaken in the Southern Ocean and temperate sea area during austral summer 2012—2013. The results showed that the grazing rates of microzooplankton were within the range 0.07—1.29 d^-1, while the phytoplankton growth rate was within the range 0.04—0.89 d^-1. Accordingly, 6.4%—72.5% of the phytoplankton stock and a high range of 14.0%—776.9% of primary production were grazed by the microzooplankton. Although the grazing rates of microzooplankton might be overestimated, they do demonstrate that microzooplankton have a significant role in controlling phytoplankton in the Southern Ocean and temperate sea area in austral summer.