越南如清使燕行诗中的洞庭文化探析

Research on Dongting Culture in Envoy Poetry by Vietnamese Envoys in the Qing Dynasty

洞庭文化是中国地域文化中历史悠久、意蕴深厚的独特类型。中国历代文人对洞庭湖多有抒写。清朝时期,洞庭湖是越南朝贡中常规出使路线的必经之地,由此洞庭文化还在越南如清使臣燕行文学中有所呈现。越南如清使臣创作了大量歌咏洞庭的燕行诗,且在诗中融入中国丰富的洞庭文化。这些洞庭诗既是越南文人长期以来受中国文学影响的结果,一定程度上还源自越南本国的"洞庭情结"潜移默化的作用。越南如清使臣笔下的洞庭诗不仅是越南燕行文学的重要一部分,也是中国洞庭文化传播到域外的重要文献。

With a long history and profound connotation, Dongting culture is quite unique among Chi- nese regional cultures. Generations of Chinese literati have left abundant writings about Dongting Lake. As it was an important stop on the conventional route for Vietnamese envoys to pay their tribute during the Qing Dynasty, Dongting culture was presented in their envoy poetry. Vietnamese envoys in the Qing Dy- nasty wrote a great number of Envoy Poetry, in which colorful Dongting culture of China were woven. The poetry resulted from the influence of both Chinese literature and the domestic ＂Dongting complex＂ inside Vietnam on Vietnamese literati during a long period of time. The poetry about Dongting Lake written by Vietnamese envoys in the Qing Dynasty is not only an important part of Envoy Poetry in Vietnamese litera- ture, but also important documents on Dongting culture of China spreading to Vietnam.