不同林龄橡胶林土壤肥力变化差异研究

The Variations Research of Soil Fertility in Rubber Plantation with Different Ages

以云南河口开割林和未开割林两个不同林龄橡胶林作为研究对象,通过长期动态监测土壤肥力状况,研究其变化差异,为河口植胶区橡胶种植提供依据。选择2个不同试验点,定期采集橡胶林下土壤样品,测定其p H、有机质、水解氮、有效磷、速效钾及交换性钙镁等主要土壤肥力指标。未开割橡胶林土壤肥力较高,开割橡胶林相对较低,两者的土壤肥力均处于中等偏下肥力程度,表层土(0~20 cm)肥力显著高于深层土(>20~40 cm)。橡胶林土壤肥力总体上呈下降趋势,未开割橡胶林土壤肥力略优于已开割橡胶林,应通过合理施肥来提高土壤肥力水平。

Using the different ages rubber plantation as two research objects which were tapped rubber and young growth rubber in Hekou, Yunnan Province, the dynamic of soil fertility status was moni- tored for the long-term, and the change rule of soil fertility was studied to provide the basis for the rub- ber planting. Two sites were chosen to collect the soil samples in rubber forests, and measure its pH, organic matter, hydrolysis N, available P, available K and main soil fertility index of exchangeable calcium and magnesium. Young growth rubber soil fertility was higher, tapped rubber was relatively low, both the degree of soil fertility in moderate fertility, top soil （0 -20 cm） fertility significantly higher than deep soil （ 〉 20 -40 cm）. On the whole, rubber plantation soil fertility is gradually de- cline, and the soil fertility of young growth rubber is a little better than that tapped rubber, reasonable fertilizing measures need to boost soil fertility.