非免疫性胎儿水肿研究进展

Advance of Non-immune Hydrops Fetalis

胎儿水肿是指胎儿总体液过量,在组织间隙或体腔内聚集的一种病理状态,分为免疫性胎儿水肿和非免疫性胎儿水肿两大类,其病因和病理生理发病机制复杂,总体预后较差。目前胎儿水肿的诊断主要依靠系统的超声检查,诊断胎儿水肿后应明确发病原因,其临床处理方式主要取决于具体病因。近年遗传学方面的相关研究报道和无创产前诊断技术的发展深入分析了胎儿水肿的深层次病因。综述非免疫性胎儿水肿的发病机制、病因、诊断方法等相关研究进展,为胎儿水肿的早期临床干预提供可靠依据,从而达到胎儿水肿的早识别、早诊断、早治疗。

Hydrops fetalis, classified into either immune or non-immune hydrops, is a pathological condition in which there is an excess of total body fluid, primarily within the fetal interstitial spaces or body cavities, its etiology and pathological and physiological mechanism is complex, the overall prognosis is poorer. At present, the diagnosis of hydrops fetalis mainly rely on the system of ultrasonic inspection, after which the etiology should be cleared, the clinical treatment mainly depends on the specific cause. In recent years, the further report of genetics research and development of the noninvasive prenatal diagnosis technology have deeply analyzed the etiology of hydrops fetalis. Reviewing the latest research reports about the pathological and physiological mechanism, causes, diagnosis with hydrops fetalis, for which providing reliable basis for early clinical intervention,so as to achieve early recognition, early diagnosis and early treatment.