基于环境政策下的空气质量研究

Study on air quality based on environmental policies

通过对近几年公共事件的研究发现,我国大多数城市处于新兴经济体阶段,经济的发展以牺牲环境为代价,空气质量日趋恶化。而空气是公共物品,具有非排他性,若不加以管制易造成"公地悲剧"。为了提高经济效益、降低成本,基于对中央政府和地方政府大量强制性、临时性、保障性的空气质量出台政策的研究,运用定性分析的方法解析了这些法规政策是如何使得在大型活动举办期间,当地以及周边城市的空气质量得到大幅度的提升和改善。由此表明,在公共事件背后,以命令控制型手段为主导的环境政策执行方式对于改善空气质量作用重大。同时也为我国空气质量政策的出台提供了重要的借鉴和指导意义。

Until now,most of our cities are being in the stage of new-economic period. The development of the economy is at the expense of the environment. The air quality becomes worse and worse. The air is the public goods with the nature of non-excludability and if the government could not manage it well,the tragedy of the commons will happen. In order to improve the economic benefits and lower the costs,through the study and analysis to the major social events of recent years in China,the author analysed how these policies of protecting air quality with the characteristics of mandatory,temporary and indemnificatory,made by central government and local government,make great contribution to the changing and improving of air quality. To some extent,it shows that the command and control measures of environment policies play a significant role in protecting the air quality. It also has reference and guiding significance for the introduction of policy of protecting air quality in our country.