老年髋骨骨折围术期相关问题的研究进展

Research Progress on Perioperative Related Problems of Hip Fracture in the Elderly

随着社会进程的加快,我国人口老龄化趋势越发严峻,相关疾病的发生率也在增加。人体如同一个机器,通过多年的运行,机能会因为衰老出现退化,随之而来是各类老年疾病,合并有骨质疏松的老年人轻微性的摔倒、扭伤均可造成髋部骨折,全世界范围内髋部骨折的每年25%的速度增加,因此与髋部治疗相关的研究引起了广泛注意。髋骨骨折手术后有较多的并发症,并不是因为手术复杂,主要是老年患者身体原因,因此预后较差,存在较多问题。髋骨作为日常生活、运动必不可少的支持骨,支撑着身体大部分的重量,发生了骨折可严重影响患者的生活质量,术后1年内死亡率可达到30%,多种多样难以处理的并发症给临床医生带来极大的挑战。为了改善预后,通过多方面优化治疗提高治疗效果,降低死亡率,具体措施主要有改善手术器械、早期康复锻炼、抗凝、抗血栓治疗等,降低死亡率。

With the acceleration of social progress, the trend of population aging is becoming more and more serious, and the incidence of related diseases is also increasing. The human body as a machine, through years of operation, the function will appear because of aging degradation, followed by various types of elderly diseases, with osteoporosis of the elderly, minor sexual fall, sprains can cause hip fractures, the whole Hip fractures worldwide increase at an annual rate of 25%, so research related to hip therapy has attracted wide attention. Hip fractures after surgery have more complications, not because of complex surgery, mainly elderly patients with physical reasons, so the prognosis is poor, there are more problems. Hip bone as a daily life, the movement is essential to support the bone, supporting most of the weight of the body, fractures can seriously affect the quality of life of patients, after 1 year mortality rate can reach 30%, a variety of difficult to deal with concurrent Disease brings great challenges to clinicians. In order to improve the prognosis, through various aspects of optimal treatment to improve treatment and reduce mortality, the main measures to improve the surgical instruments, early rehabilitation exercise, anticoagulation, antithrombotic therapy, reduce mortality.