日本中国文学史观的建构:1882-1912

The Construction in Japan of Views of Chinese Literary History:1882-1912

本文以1882年至1912年间日本出版的中国文学史为对象,对其体现的中国文学史观加以考察,指出尽管日本在明治维新后以汲取西方文化为主,但至迟在1912年以前,对儒学的接受仍占较大比重。从儒学的角度把握中国文学的特质,成为明治时期中国文学史的一个显著特征。此外,泰纳的三因素学说、中国古代文论也对明治汉学家产生了影响,并以此构建了明治时期的中国文学史观。与此同时,此时期的中国文学史普遍表现出对先秦思想的重视,以此进行对日本传统文化的回顾与追溯,其实质是为日本的本国文学研究提供参考。

This article looks at the views of Chinese literary history as reflected in the Chinese literary histories published in Japan between 1882 and 1912 and it is pointed out in the article that as late as prior to 1912 there was a large percentage of acceptance of Confucianism in Japan even though the absorption of Western culture predominated after the Meiji Restoration. Hence the grasping of Chinese literature from the Confucian angle that became a prominent feature of the Chinese literary history as written in the Meiji period. In addition, Hippolyte Adolphe Taine＇s three-pronged approach and the ancient Chinese literary theories also had an impact on the Sinologists in the Meiji period, thus constructing the views of Chinese literary history in that period. Meanwhile, much attention in this period was being paid to the pre-Qin thought in relation to Chinese literary history as a way of retracing the traditional Japanese culture, in order to provide a reference to Japan＇ s own literary researchers.