下颌骨缺损分类进展

Advances in classification of mandibular defects

下颌骨作为人体形态、结构及功能最为复杂的骨骼之一,肿瘤、囊肿、感染、放射性骨坏死等多种原因均可导致其不同程度的缺损。下颌骨缺损具有复杂性,不同部位、范围的缺损,将产生不同程度的形态、功能损害,对应的修复重建难度也不同。一个科学、合理的下颌骨缺损分类体系,对于病情评估、指导修复重建、预测预后等均有重要意义。目前,国内外下颌骨缺损分类方法有十余种之多,但尚无一种分类得到广泛的认同和应用。本文将对既往提出的分类方法进行简要比较及综述,同时探讨一个理想的下颌骨缺损分类应具有的特点。

Mandible is one of the most sophisticated bones in human body. Defects of mandible can be caused by tumor,cyst,trauma,infection,and osteoradionecrosis（ORN）. Different defect situations may result in different functional deficits and reconstructive complexities. A logical classification system of mandibular defects is of great importance for reconstruction guidance,preoperative evaluations,and prognostic predictions. 17 classification systems have been proposed since 1974,however,none of them is universally used. This article will give us a brief comparison and review on existing classifications ,and make a further discussion on the features of an ideal classification system.