中美“苏学”学术话语与理论视角比较研究

A Comparative Analysis on Academic Discourses and Theoretical Perspectives of Studies on Sushi Between China and America

由于深受西方学术思想浸淫,美国学者在苏轼研究中不可避免地会渗入西方学术话语。如在评价苏词的贡献及地位方面,尽管中美学界有大致相同的结论,且常从题材内容、意境风格、形式音律等角度着手予以论述,但在话语表述上依然存在不可忽视的差异。中国古人评苏词,往往用具体的形象比喻,给人以美感;而美国汉学界评苏词,则往往是抽象的论析,运用概念、推理等分析手段,使得整个论析显得严密、精确。美国汉学界的苏轼研究与国内苏学在理论视野上也大异其趣,他们通常运用西方人文社科理论视角审视苏轼及其文学创作。论文以中美学界关于苏轼“以文为诗”的研究为例进行解析。

The Western discourses of social sciences are often used in studies on Sushi by American scholars for the reason that American scholars are influenced greatly by western academic thoughts. Take the study on the historic status and significance of Sushi＇ s ci poetry for instance, some differences between Chinese and American academia occur in terms of academic discourses though the similarities can also be found in the analysis of poetic contents, images, styles, rhetorical methods, and so on. For ancient Chinese scholars, simile is one of the most appropriate rhetorical methods to demonstrate aesthetic characteristics of Sushi＇ s ci poetry so that the readers could appreciate the profound beauty of Sushi＇ s ci poetry ; however, in American academia, scholars are inclined to analyze the structure and syntax of Sushi＇ s ci poetry with abstract conception and deduction, thus their prudent and logical thought are quite outstanding. Furthermore, great differences exist in their theoretical perspectives of commenting Sushi＇ s ci poetry. American scholars discuss Sushi＇ s literary creation from the perspective of intellectual thoughts from western social science, the analysis of Sushi＇ s ＂taking prose as poetry＂ is the typical instance.