21世纪初农业生态系统健康研究方向

Research directions of agroecosystem health in the early 21st century.

农业生态系统健康是指农业生态系统免受发生“失调综合症”、处理胁迫的状态和满足持续生产农产品的能力 .目前 ,农业生态系统健康研究范围主要涉及农业生态系统健康评价方法、土壤质量和水质与农业生态系统健康的联系、农业生态系统健康与人类健康的关系、害虫生态管理对农业生态系统健康的贡献、杂草综合管理在农业生态系统健康中的作用、从生态病理学到农业生态系统健康、线虫群落作为农业生态系统健康指示生物的研究、转基因作物对农业生态系统健康的生态影响评价、农业投入政策对农业生态系统健康的影响、景观生态学在农业生态系统健康评价中的应用、农业生态系统健康与绿色食品开发等 .首先论述了农业生态系统健康研究的现状 ,介绍了农业生态系统健康研究实例———土壤健康的生物指标 ,最后提出了今后农业生态系统健康的研究方向 。

Agroecosystem health refers to the state of an agroecosystem where it is free from 'distress syndrome' and to cope with stress, or capability to produce agricultural products in a sustainable way. At present, the research of agroecosystem health focuses on assessment methods, soil and water quality, human health, ecologically based pest managernent,integrated weed management, ecopathology, nematode communities, transgenic crops, agricultural input policy, landscape ecology and green food development. Firstly, the present state of agroecosystem health research was described; then a case study of agroecosystem health, biological indicators of soil health, was introduced; finally, the research directions of agroecosystem health were put forward. This paper could provide a basis for ensuring agricultural product security and increasing human health.