广西止痒中药用药规律与生物学特性

Medication Rule and Biological Distribution Characteristics of Guangxi Vegetal Antipruritic Traditional Chinese Medicine

目的:探讨广西止痒中药的止痒特性与药用规律。方法:以"痒"为关键词,检索收集相关中药典籍,建立数据库,进行统计分析。结果:共计检索不同典籍21757味中药,具有止痒疗效的有910味,纳入符合要求的止痒中药总计329味,涉及中药植物95科。数量较多的科为豆科、唇形科、大戟科、菊科、蓼科。止痒中药中,清热药、攻毒杀虫止痒药、祛风湿药分别占所有药物的29.56%,28.93%,27.04%。苦味、辛味、甘味药占所有药物的39.92%、30.94%、14.77%。平、温、凉药占所有药物27.27%、25.08%、24.14%。肝经、肺经、脾经药占所有药物的25.53%,17.38%、15.43%。结论:广西止痒中药分类以清热药、攻毒杀虫止痒药、祛风湿药为主,药味药性归经以苦辛甘、平温凉、肝经、肺经、脾经药为主。研究将为临床的瘙痒症治疗及止痒中药的研究与开发提供依据与资料。

Objective To study the biological distribution characteristics and medication rule of Guangxi antipruritic Chinese herbs by data mining. Methods Antipruritic medicines were retrieved from traditional Chinese medicine books by using pruritus as the key word. A pruritus database was established and analyzed by Microsoft Excel. Results There were 329 kinds of traditional Chinese medi- cine depending on the criteria. The major families of plants are leguminosae, lamiaceae, euphorbiaceae, asteraceae and polygonaceae. In the database, the percentage of clearing heat, killing parasites to relieve itching, diffusing dampness herbs are 29. 56%, 28.93%, 27.04%, 39. 92% herbs were bitter, 30. 94% herbs were spicy and 14. 77% herbs were sweet. The proportions of nature of plain warm cool herbs were 27. 27%, 25.08%, 24. 14% ; The proportions of meridian tropism of liver, spleen, lung herbs were 25.53%, 17. 38%, 15. 43%. Conclusion The clearing heat, killing parasites to relieve itching and diffusing dampness herbs were commonly used. The major herbs were bitter, spicy, sweet, plain, warm and cool. The herbs by meridian tropism of liver, spleen and lung were effective antipruritic medicine. This study will be helpful in treatment pruritus and supporting development new antipruritic medicines.