辣椒授粉时期和天气及时间段对杂交制种产量的影响

Effect of Seed Production of Hybrid Pollinated Pepper in Pollination Period,Weather and Period of Time

以辣椒杂交种甘科5号的双亲为试验材料,设置杂交中期和后期2个不同时期、晴天和阴天2种不同天气、上午和午后延迟及下午3个不同时间段,进行杂交授粉3因素(2×2×3)组合设计。试验结果表明,杂交中期和后期授粉处理的座果率(分别为65.3%和35.0%)、单果种子数量和质量(分别为56粒和76粒、0.534 g和0.727 g)均存在极显著差异。晴天和阴天杂交授粉处理的座果率、单果种子数量和质量没有显著差异。上午授粉(8:00—11:00时授粉)和午后延迟授粉(12:00—15:00时授粉)处理的座果率(分别为61.3%和64.0%)、单果种子数量和质量(分别为74粒和81粒,0.731 g和0.726 g)均较高,下午授粉(16:00—19:30时授粉)处理的座果率(为40.0%)、单果种子数量和质量(分别为33粒和0.328 g)均较低,差异均达到极显著水平。各不同处理的种子千粒质量、种子发芽率差异不显著。杂交授粉不同时期、天气和时间段3因素之间还存在极显著的互作效应。

Pepper hybrid cuhivar Ganke 5＇s parents are used as the experimental material, set two different hybrid stages, two different weather, three different period of times as three variables combinations. The result shows that the fruit-setting rate, seed number and weight per fruit differ significantly in middle and late period of hybrid pollination, which are 65.3% and 35.0%, 56 and 76 grains, 0.534 g and 0.727 g, respectively. However, there is no obvious difference influenced by weather. Hybrid pollination in different period of time, the fruit-setting rate （61.3% and 64%）, the seed number and weight per fruit （74 and 81 seeds, 0.731 g and 0.726 g, respectively） in the morning （8：00-11：00） and late midday （12：00- 15：00） are higher, the fruit-setting rate （40%）, the seed number and weight per fruit （33 seeds and 0.328 g） are lower in the afternoon （16：00-19：30）. The differences are extremely significant. It have no differences between the 1 000-seed weight, seed germination rate. As a resuh, there are extremely significant interaction effect among the different periods, weather, and period of time .