明代侍妾涉夫诗文观照(二):正室欺压·与夫谐隐·绝命悼亡

On the Poems and Articles by the Concubines in the Ming Dynasty about Their Husbands(Ⅱ):Bullied by Principal Wife·Living in Seclusion with Their Husband·Writing Swan-song about Themselves

明代侍妾创作了为数不少的涉夫诗文,其中部分作品反映了受欺正室的悲伤、与夫谐隐的希冀和绝命悼亡的悲叹。正室的欺压使她们无以反抗,有口难言;与夫谐隐是在丈夫仕途偃蹇或是随宦偏远之地时内心的外显;绝命诗是在受到正室欺压陷入绝望而采取极端行为的记录,悼亡诗则是作为未亡人而创作的追悼亡夫的悲苦之作。这些作品皆源自明代侍妾的亲身经历,字字发自肺腑,首首感人至深,为今人解读明代夫妾婚姻生活和家庭生活提供了不可多得的原始文本。

The concubines in the Ming dynasty wrote a lot of poems and articles about their husbands, and some of these works reflect the sadness about being bullied by principle wife, the hope about seclusion with their husbands and and the sadness about their own death. Principle wives tyrannized over them and made them lose their tongue, and they can not resist. When husbands will set out on a long walk because of work, concubines feel lonely and want to go out with them. When they are in despair about principle wives＇ bullying, they write swan - song and take extreme activity. Mourning poems are written by concubines to mourn their departed husbands. These works all originate from the experiences of concubines. All the poems directed from the heart and make people moved, which provide original texts about the marriage and family in the Ming dynasty for us now.