连带的“公”与公民教育的中国理路

The Connective “Pubic” and the Chinese Logic of Citizenship Education

文化传统对公民教育具有预制性。从文化传统来看,中西方社会和文化语境中的"公"并不相同:中国的"公"主要是连带的"公",而西方的"公"主要是领域的"公",由此而导致中华文明的价值与现代西方主流价值的差异,前者强调社会共同的善、社会责任和有益于和谐的美德,后者则强调个人主义的权利和自由优先,它们分别代表了两种不同的伦理学语言和立场。在中国开展公民教育,只有保持高度的文化自觉,作为舶来品的"公民教育"才可能落地生根。以马克思主义为指导,根植于中华文化传统,中国公民教育需要以"关系中的人"为立足点,以"国家—社会"的互构合作为现实支撑,以"人的自由全面发展"为终极关怀。

Cultural tradition has pre-conditionality on citizensship education.From the point of view of cultural tradition,the＂public＂in citizenship education has different meaning in China and the West：Chinese＂public＂is mainly a kind of connective＂public＂,while the western ＂public＂mainly means domanial＂public＂.This leads to the difference in Chinese and modern western main stream values.The former emphasizes the common goodness of the whole society,social responsibility and virtue which is favorable to harmony,while the later emphasizes individualist rights and priority of freedom.They represent two kinds of ethics language and position.It is essential to maintain high cultural awareness for the implementation of citizenship education in China and the localization of exotic＂citizenship education＂.Guided by Marxism and rooted in Chinese cultural tradition,Chinese citizenship education should be based on ＂people in relation＂,use the actual support of＂state-society＂cooperation,and offer ultimate concern to ＂the free and comprehensive development of human＂.