重庆地区670例呼吸道感染患者呼吸道病原体谱IgM的检测和分析

Detection and analysis of respiratory pathogens profile(IgM) in 670 cases of patients with respiratory tract infection in Chongqing

目的了解重庆地区呼吸道感染患者病原体流行及分布情况。方法收集我院自2015年1月至2016年3月期间所有呼吸道感染的住院和门诊患者670例,采用间接免疫荧光法检测患者血清中11种呼吸道病原体的Ig M抗体,根据不同性别、不同年龄和不同季节的病原体抗体阳性率以及合并感染情况进行统计分析。结果 1)670例患者中检出病原体抗体290例(290/670,43.28%),其中乙型流感病毒阳性率最高,其他依次为:嗜肺军团菌、肺炎衣原体、肺炎支原体、甲型流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、副流感病毒、腺病毒、柯萨奇病毒A和埃可病毒;检出的病原体抗体阳性290例中,单项感染的224例(224/290,77.24%),双重感染的51例(51/290,17.59%),三重及以上感染15例(15/290,5.17%)。2)所有患者中女性病原体抗体阳性率高于男性(P<0.05);不同年龄组呼吸道病原体感染阳性率有明显差异(P<0.05)。3)不同季节病原体抗体的阳性率有差异,春冬季的病原体抗体阳性率显著高于夏秋季(P<0.05)。结论该地区呼吸道感染患者检出的呼吸道病原体抗体以乙型流感病毒和嗜肺军团菌为主,感染类型以单项病原体感染为主,且可根据不同的流行病学差异进行有效的病原体预防和控制,尤其对在易感人群中注射疫苗有重要意义。

To explore the epidemiological characteristics and distribution of pathogens in patients with respiratory tract infection in Chongqing, an analysis conducted in 670 in-and out-patients with respiratory tract infection from January 2015 to March 2016. Peripheral blood samples were analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence to detect 11 kinds of Ig M antibodies of respiratory pathogens. Of all the 670 cases, 290 cases were positive for antibodies（290/670,43.28%）, with the highest positive rate of Flu B, and the following were： LPS, CP, MP, FIu A,RSV, PIV, ADV, COXA and ECV. Of all the 290 positive cases, single pathogen was identified in 224 cases（224/290, 77.24%）, and multiple pathogens in 66（66/290,22.76%）. Furthermore, there were significant differences in the positive rate of pathogen antibodies between different gender and among different age groups, and also among different seasons. Thus we conclude that the primary pathogen antibodies detected in respiratory tract infection patients are Flu B and LPS, and the primary infection type is single infection. Thus effective prevention and control of pathogens is feasible according to the epidemiological differences, especially vaccine injection in the vulnerable groups.