陈垣史学思想的风格与情怀

The Styles and Feelings of Chen Yuan's Historical Thoughts

以考带论是陈垣表达史学思想的重要途径,他的考史论文善于由小见大,从小问题中透视社会历史的变动;他的史学专著或在贯通史实之后作出系统综合的分析;或以"表微"的形式展现由历史考证求得通识的独特风格。他在总结传统史学的过程中重视阐明学理、发凡起例,将历史文献学领域中前人考订文献的零散经验,以近代科学方法归纳为各种可供传授、研习的法则;在《通鉴胡注表微》中则对传统史学的方法进行系统梳理和阐发。陈垣史学思想蕴涵深厚的家国情怀,在20世纪30年代以前,其思想主旨是大力表彰中华民族的历史文化,提倡推进中华民族文化和中国史学的发展;抗日战争时期,他在史著中以古讽今,抒发民族意识和爱国热情;20世纪50年代以后,其爱国深旨则反映在确立了学术研究为社会和大众服务的方向。

Chen Yuan expressed his historical thoughts by basing conclusion on textual criticism. His articles on textual research focused on the changes of society by researching on minor problems. He was good at making comprehensive analysis based on general research on historical facts, and acquiring general knowledge from the historical textual criticism by subtle exploration was the unique style of his historical monographs. He attached importance to expounding academic principle and setting up writing styles. With scientific approaches, he summarized scattered experience of doing textual research into rules that can be taught and studied. Chen Yuan systematically organized and analyzed the approaches of traditional historiography in TONGJIANHUZHUBIAOWEI. The patriotic feelings can be found in Chen Yuan＇ s historical thoughts. He carried forward the national traditional culture and facilitated the development of Chinese culture and historiography before 1930s. He used ancient things to satirize the present and expressed patriotic feelings by writing historical monographs during the Anti- Japanese War. After 1949, His patriotic feelings were manifested as setting an aim that research should serve the needs of society and people.