严耕望的治史风格及史学评论

Yan Gengwang's Scholarship and Historiographical Criticism

严耕望是享誉世界的史学家,在中国政治制度史和中国历史地理学方面卓有成就。他以学问为生命,一生以做"坚强纯净的学术人"自守,深受学界尊敬。他的巨大学术成就,体现出鲜明的治学风格。其主要表现:在学术路径上是通过专精以达博通;在研究旨趣上,倾向于做实在具体的研究,不做抽象理论的研究;在资料运用上,主张把研究建立在基本资料上;在研究方法上,主要是通过对史料的考辨、归纳、统计而得出结论,而不倚重新奇的理论和方法。作为一个著名史学家,他提出的中国现代史学"四大家"观点,对二陈、吕思勉、傅斯年、唯物史观等所作的评论,均有其独到的视角和价值。

Yan Gengwang （1916 -1996）was a renowned Chinese historian of the twentieth century. His greatest achievements reflected in the studies of traditional Chinese political institution and historical geography. Yan viewed learning as his life endeavor and historical thought as his lifelong pursuit. His ultimate goal was to become and remain a pure and persistent scholar. He was highly respected by his colleagues and contemporary scholars because of his personality and his distinguishedscholarship. His outstanding scholarship was evident in his learning style, which could be scrutinized from four aspects： With regard to the path of learning, he followed the principle of reaching broad and extensive knowledge through specialization; For the purpose of research, he preferred seeking solid and concrete results to establishing abstract theories; As far as the resources were concerned, he insisted on the fact that scholarship should be based on historical evidence; and finally, regarding his research method, he was not fond of extraordinary ideas or discovering exceptional theories, but he emphasized the importance of drawing conclusions from a thorough investigation, an inductive procedure, and statistical result of historical materials. As a celebrated historian, Yah Gengwang contributed valuable criticisms and enlightening insights to four modern historians, such as Chen Yuan （ 1880 - 1971 ） , Chen Yinke （1890- 1969）, Lv Simian （1884- 1957）, and Fu Sinian （1896- 1950）, as well as the study of materialist conception of history.