《资治通鉴》梁纪纠误举例

Some Examples of Corrections to Records of the Liang Dynasty in ZIZHITONGJIAN

司马光《资治通鉴》是一部公认的史学典范著作,因其史料搜罗详尽、史实考证细致、错误较少而在中国史学史上有着崇高的地位。然而《资治通鉴》毕竟受到各种条件所限,所记史事不可能尽善尽美,存在一些错误并不奇怪。本文将现存的其他典籍,如《梁书》、《魏书》、《北齐书》、《周书》、《南史》、《北史》、《册府元龟》、《太平御览》等等记载,与《资治通鉴》梁纪部分进行比对,发现一些错误。归纳起来可分成四种类型:一是时间记载失误,二是求简删省而导致错误,三是摘编史料发生失误,四是在删并史料时出现失误。我们之所以提出这一问题,是企盼学者在引用《资治通鉴》史料时,有必要加以仔细比对,从而确保所引史料的准确性,防止以讹传讹。

As a paradigm of historical records, ZIZHITONGJIAN is famous for exhaustive materials and few mistakes in it, and the editor did painstaking textual research. However, there are also some inaccuracies in it. Comparing the records of the Liang Dynasty in ZIZHITONGJIAN with some other historical records, such as LIANGSHU, WEISHU, BEIQISHU, ZHOUSHU , NANSHI, BEISHI , CEFUYUANGUI and TAIPINGYULAN, the inaccuracies are as follows： anachronism, mistakes caused by simplifying the records and by selecting and copying materials, and the inaccuracies caused by revising and finalizing records. The scholars should check the records in it carefully when citing them.