语言对外传播模式与策略

Modes and Policies of Language Spread to Qutside World

语言对外传播经历了漫长的过程,是人类在发展的不同阶段进行接触、交流、碰撞的必然结果。在不同的历史时期,语言对外传播的途径和策略是不同的,实现的传播效果和程度也不尽相同。早期的语言对外传播常常依托于海外殖民、移民以及宗教,大多以被动传播为主,而随着人类步入文明时代,传播的手段越发隐晦,模式越发多样。时至今日,语言对外传播的能力和程度已经被视为评价一个国家(或民族)的软实力和国际影响力的重要指标之一,世界各国纷纷将本国语言的对外传播纳入外交战略框架,以谋求在当今语言、文化多元化格局中更广阔的发展空间。

Language spread, which has experienced a long developing history, is considered as the inevitable result of contact, communication and conflict among human beings during different historical stages. Methods and policies of Language spread vary during its development, which, accordingly, brought about completely different spreading effects and degrees. Early Language Spread featured by compulsion and passiveness, usually relied on oversea colonization, migration and religion. As the mankind entering the era of civilization, the means of Language spread become increasingly obscure and concealing, with its modes diversified. To date, the degree and capability of Language Spread was taken as a vital evaluation of a country＇s （or a nation＇s）＂soft power＂ and international influence. Contemporarily, in order to seek a broader space for development in the complex pattern of language diversity and cultural plurality, language spread policies were subsumed into the diplomatic strategic framework by most countries around the world.