孔雀河应急输水后的地下水响应研究

Research on Groundwater Responses after Emergency Water Conveyance of Peacock River

依据输水前后地下水埋深动态来评估孔雀河应急输水工程的实施效果。结果表明,输水显著减小了距河岸0~300m范围内的地下水埋深差异;地下水对应急输水的响应迅速,在输水结束后1周内地下水埋深趋于稳定;输水对地下水的横向影响范围超过垂直河岸300m;输水对地下水位的抬升效果显著,上游普惠区段抬升2.54m,中游尉犁区段抬升3.18m。输水后上游普惠区段平均地下水埋深8.05m,达到了荒漠河岸林胡杨和柽柳生存的地下水埋深阈值;中游尉犁区段平均地下水埋深为11.69m,天然植被仍无法有效利用,因此孔雀河生态输水必须持续性、常态化已达到生态恢复的目的。

This Article evaluates the implementation effect of emergency water conveyance project for Peacock River according to the dynamic groundwater depth before and after water conveyance. The results showed that, water convey- ance significantly reduced groundwater depth difference in a range of 0- 300 m away from the river bank ; groundwater responded quickly to emergency water conveyance, and groundwater depth tended to be stable within 1 week after wa- ter conveyance; the horizontal effect of water conveyance on grounwater was 300 m beyond river bank vertically; the lifting effect of water conveyance on groundwater depth was notable, Puhui section in the upper reaches lifted by 2.54 m, and Yuli section in the middle reaches lifted by 3.18 m. The average groundwater depth of Puhui section in the up- per reaches was 8.05 m after water conveyance, reaching the groundwater depth threshold for survival of Populus eu- phratica and Tamarix chinensis in desert riparian forest, while the average ground depth of Yuli section in the middle reaches was 11.69 m, natural vegetation yet cannot use it effectively; therefore, the ecological water conveyance for Peacock River must be made continuously for a long term to reach the purpose of ecological restoration.