EGFR及KRAS基因突变与非小细胞肺癌临床病理特征的关系

Relation of EGFR and KRAS gene mutations with its pathological characteristics in non-small cell lung cancer

目的探讨非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)患者EGFR及KRAS基因突变与其临床病理特征的关系。方法采用毛细管电泳法及荧光探针法分别检测64例NSCLC组织中EGFR及KRAS基因的突变类型。结果 64例NSCLC中发生EGFR基因突变27例(占42.2%)、KRAS基因突变8例(占12.5%),同时发生EGFR和KRAS基因突变者4例(占6.25%)。EGFR基因突变与患者性别、组织学类型及吸烟史有关(P<0.05),与患者年龄、分化程度、有无淋巴结转移及TNM分期无关(P>0.05)。肺腺癌中KRAS基因突变率明显高于肺鳞癌(P<0.01),KRAS基因突变与患者性别、年龄、有无吸烟史、分化程度、有无淋巴结转移及TNM分期均无关(P>0.05)。结论 NSCLC患者中EGFR基因突变率高于KRAS基因突变率,EGFR突变率在女性、肺腺癌、不吸烟患者中较高,KRAS基因突变率在腺癌患者中较高,且EGFR和KRAS基因突变可以同时发生。

Purpose To investigate the relation of EGFR and KRAS gene mutations with the pathological characteristics in non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）. Methods The EGFR and KRAS gene mutations were detected and analyzed in 64 patients with NSCLC by capillary electrophoresis and fluorescent probe method. Results In 64 cases, the EGFR gene mutations were detected in 27 patients （42. 2% ） ; the KRAS gene mutations in 8 patients （ 12. 5% ）. The EGFR and KRAS mutations synchronized in 4 patients （6. 25% ）. The mutations rate of EGFR was related to gender, histology type and smoking condition （P 〈 0. 05 ）. There was no association between mutation of EGFR gene with the age, differentiation, lymph node metastasis and TNM stages （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. The mutations rate of KRAS gene was higher in adenocarcinoma patients than that in squamous carcinoma （P 〈0.01 ）. There was no relationship between mutation of KRAS gene with the gender, age, smoking condition, differentiation, lymph node metastasis and TNM stages （P 〉 0. 05）. Conclusion In NSCLC, EGFR gene mutations rate is higher than KRAS gene mutation. The mutation rate of EGFR gene is higher in female, adenocarcinoma and never smokers; the mutations rate of KRAS mutations is higher in patients with adenocarcinoma. The mutations in EGFR and KRAS can exist at the same time.