钛粉对乳化炸药爆轰性能和热分解特性的影响

Influence of Titanium Powder on Detonation Performances and Thermal Decomposition Characteristics of Emulsion Explosive

利用水下爆炸和猛度实验测试了添加不同钛粉含量的乳化炸药的爆轰性能,并与含铝乳化炸药进行了对比;运用微量量热仪对不同乳化炸药样品进行热分析实验,通过计算得到它们的热分解动力学参数。结果表明:含钛量为5%的乳化炸药,比冲量、冲击波能、气泡能较空白乳化炸药分别增加了14.95%、21.74%和19.90%,且冲击波参数随着钛粉含量的增加先升高后降低,在10%时达到最大值;与空白乳化炸药相比,含钛乳化炸药(含钛量为10%时)的猛度提高了17.6%,说明钛粉对乳化炸药的爆轰性能作用效果显著。计算得到含钛乳化炸药的表观活化能为193.48 k J·mol^(-1),较之铝粉和硼粉,钛粉对乳化炸药的热安定性影响作用最小。

By underwater explosion and brisance experiments, the effects of titanium powder with different content on the detonation properties of emulsion explosive were tested and compared with aluminized emulsion explosive. The kinetic parameters of thermal decomposition were calculated using thermal analysis data measured by the C80 calorimeter. Results show that compared with emulsion explosive without additive, the explosion impulse, shock wave energy and bubble energy of emulsion explosives with 5% titanium powder are increased 14.95%,21.74% and 19.90%. With increasing titanium powder, shock wave parameters increase first and then decrease, it reaches maximum when the mass fraction of titanium powder is 10%, and its brisance is increased 17.65%, which means that titanium powder have remarkable impact on the detonation capability of emulsion explosive. The influence of titanium powder on thermal stability of emulsion explosive is least than aluminum powder and boron powder, whose apparent activation energy is 193.48 kJ ·mol-1.