PBL模式在工程有限元课程教学改革中的应用

Application of problem-based learning method in the teaching reform of finite element course for engineering

以经典悬臂梁结构为案例,将基于问题的学习模式(Problem-based Learning)引入工程有限元分析课程教学改革。通过分阶段设计研究问题并给出开放性建模方法,以实现深层次的知识整合,打破以往章节内容界限。根据研究生教育特点科学制定教学计划和评价标准,充分发挥学生自主探索和研究精神,将教师从以往繁重的讲座教学中解放出来。实践教学效果表明:PBL模式可适应不同能力学生学习需要,有效缓解课时分配压力,促进课堂交流与学习氛围形成,符合当前研究生科研能力培养要求。

In this paper, the problem-based learning（PBL） method was applied in the teaching reform of finite element analysis course of engineering by taking the classical cantilever beam structure as a sample. The independent exploration spirit of students was encouraged, while the teacher was released from the heavy work of lecture and demonstration. In order to achieve the goal of knowledge integration, a series of research problems and open modeling approaches were presented and suggested in sequence, which helped to break the limits of knowledge between different chapters. The teaching program and evaluation criterion were also improved and modified according to the educational feature of graduate student. Practical teaching results indicated that the PBL method can be suitable for students with different learning abilities, which was beneficial to relieve the pressure of class hour distribution. The in-class communication and learning environment were also promoted in this way,which was in good accordance with the training requirement of scientific research capacity of graduate students.