武汉市高中生学业压力及心理健康状况的调查分析

Analysis of Academic Stress and Mental Health Status among High School Students in Wuhan City

目的了解武汉市高中生学业压力来源及心理健康状况,为指导学生解压及心理健康教育提供科学依据。方法采用方便样本整群抽样的方法抽取重点高中、普通高中各一所。选用自编的一般情况调查表、中学生学业压力源量表(SSA)、中学生心理健康量表对846名学生进行调查访问。统计学方法包括t检验、单因素方差分析、多重线性回归等。结果不同年级、学校类别、监护人文化水平、家庭经济状况、父母教养方式方面,高中生的学业压力差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。有63.83%的学生存在不同程度的心理异常,轻度50.35%,中度12.53%,重度0.95%。不同心理健康状态的学生学业压力得分的差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),且SSA得分越高,心理健康状况越差。结论中学生学业压力受年级、照料人文化水平、家庭经济状况及父母教养方式等因素的影响。学业压力影响中学生心理健康状态,家庭及学校应高度重视,采取有效的措施减轻学生的学业压力改善心理健康状况。

Objectives To investigate the current condition of academic stress and mental health among high school students in Wuhan city,so as to provide theoretical basis for relieving academic stress and improving psychological status. Methods 864 students from 2 schools in Wuhan city were selected by stratified cluster random sampling. They were investigated by self-designed demographic questionnaire, middle school students＇ Academic Stressors questionnaire（SSA）, and Mental Health Inventory of middle school students（MMHI-60）. The t-test, variance analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were applied to analyze the data. Results The score of SSA with different grades, school types, guardian cultural levels, family economic conditions, parenting styles showed difference（P d〈0.05）. The detection rate of psychological problem among high school students was 63.83% ,with wild,moderate and severe problems being 50.35%, 12.53%, and 0.95%. The score of SSA with different mental health status showed difference（P〈0. 001）. Conclusions High school students＇ academic stress was affected by grades,guardian cultural levels,economic conditions, parenting style and other factors. Students＇ mental health was affected by academic stress. Families and schools should attach great importance to this problem to reduce students＇ academic stress and improve their mental health by effective measures.