环氧树脂E-51改性聚氨酯弹性体的制备与性能研究

Synthesis and property of epoxy resin E-51 modified polyurethane elastomer

采用预聚体法合成了以4,4′-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(HMDI)、聚醚多元醇等为主要原料,1,4-丁二醇(BDO)为扩链剂,环氧树脂E-51为改性剂的聚氨酯弹性体(PUE),通过万能材料试验机、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、动态力学分析仪等表征手段,对HMDI型PUE力学性能、阻尼性能、热稳定性等进行研究,重点讨论了环氧树脂E-51的添加量对弹性体拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、微相分离结构、热稳定性等性能的影响规律。结果表明,环氧树脂(EP)中的环氧基团发生开环反应,能有效地改善聚氨酯(PU)和EP分子间的相容性及相互贯穿;随EP添加量的增加,拉伸强度、微相分离程度先增加后减少、断裂伸长率逐渐减小的趋势;热失重分析表明,EP的加入,可以提高聚氨酯的热稳定性。

A series of polyurethane elastomers（PUE） were synthesized with 4,4＇-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate （HMDI）, polyether polyols as the main raw material, 1,4-butanediol （BDO）as the chain extender, epoxy resin （E- 51 ） as the modifier by two-step process. The mechanical properties,damping and thermal stability performance of HMDI-type polyu rethane elastomer were researched by universal material testing machine, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and dy- namic mechanical analyzer, etc. The effects of the addition of epoxy resin E-51 on tensile strength, elongation at break,mi cro-phase separation,thermal stability and other properties of elastomer were studied especially. The results showed that the epoxide groups in epoxy resin（EP） occurred ring-opening reaction,improved the miscibility of PU and EP effectively. the tensile strength and micro-phase separation increased firstly and then decreased, the elongation gradually decreased with increasing amount of epoxy resin（EP）. TGA indicated that the crosslink of E 51 with polyurethane increased thermal stabil ity of the modified polyurethanes.