不同微量元素叶面肥对草莓育苗生长的影响

Effects of Different Trace Element Fertilizers on Strawberry Seedling Growth

将硼、钼和铁等微量元素复配成单一或复合叶面微肥,应用于草莓育苗,通过分析草莓生长情况,以确定硼、钼和铁肥的最佳施用量。结果表明:单施硼、钼、铁肥及配施叶面肥均能不同程度促进草莓繁苗数、母株的株高、净光合速率以及母株和子苗的叶面积、SPAD值和地上部和地下部的生物量。其中硼、钼对繁苗数、叶面积的促进效果较为明显,铁对叶绿素和光合作用的促进效果最为明显;总体来看,随着铁浓度的增加,其对母株叶面积、SPAD值、母株地上部和地下部生物量以及子苗的叶面积的促进作用更加明显,但高浓度的硼、钼促进作用则减弱,甚至对繁苗数产生抑制作用;不同微量元素的配施处理中,以硼和钼配施微肥效果最好,显著提高了草莓母株和子苗的地上部和地下部生物量。由此,本试验中0.2%硼肥、0.2%钼肥及各浓度的铁肥以及硼、钼配施为草莓育苗微肥的最佳施用方式。

In this study, the boron （B）, molybdenum （Mo）, and iron （Fe） were compounded into single and compound foliarfertilizers, and applied to strawberry seedling growth, then the optimum application amounts of B, Mo and Fe fertilizers for thegrowth of strawberry were determined. The results showed that the single application of B, Mo, Fe, and compound foliarfertilizers could promote the number of strawberry breeding seedlings, maternal plant height, the net photosynthetic rate, leaf area,SPAD value, aboveground and underground biomass of maternal and child seedling in different degrees. The positive effects of Band Mo on propagation of seedling number and leaf areas, and the positive effects of Fe on chlorophyll and photosynthesis wereobvious. Overall, with the increase of Fe concentration, the promoting effects on the maternal plant leaf area, SPAD value,maternal plant aboveground and belowground biomass and leaf area of the seedlings were more obvious. By contrast, thepromoting effect of high concentration of B and Mo was weakened, and even inhibited the number of breeding seedlings. Indifferent trace element fertilizers, B and Mo had the best effect, significantly improving the strawberry maternal and childseedling shoot and root biomass. In summary, the treatment of 0.2% B fertilizer, 0.2% Mo fertilizer, all of the concentration of Fefertilizer, and B and Mo compound fertilizers were optimal for strawberry seedlings.