典型工业城市土壤黑碳含量、分布特征及来源分析--以黄石市为例

Concentration,Distribution and Potential Sources of Black Carbon in Soils from a Typical Industrial City——A Case Study of Huangshi, China

以黄石市3种不同类型土壤(红壤土、潮土、水稻土)为研究对象,采用热光反射法测定土壤中黑碳、焦炭和烟炱含量,研究有机碳、黑碳、焦炭和烟炱的空间分布特征,同时分析黑碳、焦炭、烟炱与有机碳之间的相互关系及黑碳的可能来源。结果表明:黄石市表层土壤中黑碳含量的变化范围为0.01~5.79 g/kg,平均值为1.06 g/kg。其中水稻土黑碳含量最高,潮土次之,红壤最低。黑碳在有机碳中所占比例的变化范围为0.53%~89.54%,平均值为25.29%,说明黑碳对土壤有机碳库有较大的贡献。不同土壤类型黑碳/总有机碳(BC/TOC)比值存在较大的差异,红壤BC/TOC平均值最大(36.70%),其次为水稻土(25.25%),潮土最低(18.25%),这可能与土壤质地有关。黑碳、焦炭与烟炱含量和BC/TOC比值的空间变异性与区域的产业结构及工业布局有关。黑碳、焦炭与烟炱含量之间呈显著正相关,说明它们可能有共同的来源。焦炭/烟炱比值(char/soot)分析结果表明土壤中的黑碳受人为源的影响很大,主要来源于化石燃料燃烧(工业燃煤及机动车尾气排放)。

Distribution and potential sources of black carbon （BC） and correlation with total organic carbon （TOC）, charand soot were determined in three different soil types （paddy soil, red soil, and fluvo-aquic soil） from Huangshi, a typicalindustrial city of Hubei Province in central China. Results showed that the concentrations of BC in soils varied significantly, from0.01 to 5.79 g/kg with a mean of 1.06 g/kg. BC content was highest in paddy soil while lowest in red soil. The ratios of BC toTOC were ranged from 0.53% to 89.54% with an average of 25.29%, and highest in red soil while lowest in fluvo-aquic soil. Thespatial variations of BC, char and soot concentrations and BC/TOC were related to regional industrial structure and layout. BCconcentration was positively correlated with those of char, soot, and TOC, suggesting a same source. Analyses of char/soot ratiosindicated the major impacts were from anthropogenic activities, especially combustion of fossil fuels, such as motor vehicleemissions and coal combustion.