影响枸杞嫩枝扦插育苗成活及成苗的关键技术研究

Key Technique of Wolfberry Softwood Cutting Propagation Influencing Seedling and Survival Rate

[目的]为了探讨枸杞嫩枝扦插成活与成苗的关键技术。[方法]在试验研究的基础上,从圃地选择、扦插时间、品种选择、插穗处理、温湿度控制、扦插密度等方面进行分析,并提出影响枸杞嫩枝扦插育苗的关键技术措施。[结果]试验结果表明,枸杞嫩枝扦插育苗温棚应搭建在地势平坦、排灌良好、土壤肥沃、多年未培育过枸杞苗木或两茬苗间隔3~4年以上的微碱性沙壤土地块;育苗时间最好选择在5月20日至7月5日期间;品种选择以当前生产上应用的良种为宜;一般采用株行距为7 cm×10 cm或8 cm×10 cm较好,扦插125~142根/m^2;插穗采用200~300 mg/kg萘乙酸速蘸处理,有利于提高育苗成活率;采用透光率为80%左右的遮阳网(双层效果更好)遮光控制棚温在20~30℃且控制棚内湿度在80%~90%为宜。[结论]研究结果为枸杞繁育提供了技术借鉴。

[Aim] To study key technique of wolfberry softwood cutting propagation influencing seedling and survival rate. [Method] Analyzing garden selection, ewtting period, species selection, cottage process, temperature and moisture control and cwtting density on the basis of trial tests, and put forward key technique influencing wolfberry seedling and survival rate. [Results] Greenhouses should be established in slight alkalescence sandy loam soil with flat terrain, good irrigation and drainage and fertile soil. Seedling period should within May 20 to July 5. Plant distance should be 7 cm × 10 cm or 8 cm × 10 cm, and cottage rate at 125-142 plant/m2. The seed should be under treatment of 200-300 mg/kg naphthylacetic acid, which could increase seedling rate. Using sunshade net （better to be double material） with 80% rate to control the greenhouse temperature around 20 ℃ to 30 ℃, and moisture rate around 80% to 90%. [Conclusion] References for wolfberry propagation were provided.