深圳市盐田区6～36月龄基层社区儿童贫血状况及分析

Status of anemia in children aged 6-36 months in Yantian District of Shenzhen City

目的分析6~36月龄基层社区儿童贫血的状况,并对其相关影响因素进行调查分析。方法选取2013年6月-2015年5月于广东省深圳市盐田区第二人民医院体检中心进行体检的6~36月儿童500例作为研究对象。检测血常规,分析儿童的贫血率、男女童之间的贫血率差异,以及不同年龄儿童贫血率差异,并对儿童贫血的相关影响因素进行调查分析。结果 500例儿童中共有124例出现贫血状况,贫血发生率为24.80%。124例贫血儿童中轻、中、重度以及极重度贫血发生率分别为16.80%、8.00%、0.00%、0.00%。男性儿童的贫血率显著高于女性儿童(χ~2=2.057,P=0.049)。相比其他年龄组的儿童,6~12月龄儿童贫血发生率较高(χ~2=4.469,P=0.024)。Logistic回归分析表明,添加辅食时间、半年内喂养方式、父母文化程度、母亲是否贫血、饮食习惯(包括不良饮食习惯等)、是否经常吃蛋黄、出生体重、经济条件为6~36月龄基层社区儿童贫血的相关影响因素。结论该社区6~36月龄儿童贫血率较高,提高儿童家长育儿知识,指导家长合理喂养为今后改善儿童贫血的发展方向。

Objective To analyze the status of anemia in children aged 6-36 months and the related influencing factors. Methods 500 children aged 6-36 months were selected as the research subjects, and they all checked in the physical examination center of the Second people＇ s Hospital of Yantian district of Shenzhen City in Guangdong Province from June 2013 to May 2015. The blood routine tests of the children were observed, anemia rate of the children and the difference between boys and girls, among children with different ages were analyzed. The related influencing factors of anemia in children were investigated and analyzed. Results Among the 500 children, 24.80% of them were anemia （n = 124）. The rates of mild anemia, moderate anemia, severe anemia and highly severe anemia were 16.80%, 8.00% , 0.00% and 0.00% respectively. The anemia rate of boys was significantly higher than that of girls （χ^2 =2.057, P =0. 049）. The anemia rate in children aged 6-12 months was higher than that in other age groups （χ^2 =4. 469, P = 0. 024）. Logistic regression analysis showed feeding time, feeding mode in half a year, educational level of parents, mother anemia and eating habits （including dietary habits） , eating egg yolk often, birth weight, economic conditions were related influencing factors of anemia in children aged 6-36 months. Conclusion The rate of anemia is higher in children aged 6-36 months in the community, it is important to improve the parents＇ knowledge of child rearing and guide them rational feeding.