北京地区2015年11月-12月流感样病例中人腺病毒的感染情况分析

Analysis of the infection status of human adenovirus in influenza like illness cases during November-December in 2015 in Beijing

目的了解北京地区2015年11月-12月流感样病例中人腺病毒感染情况及型别分布特征,为北京地区呼吸道病毒传染病防控策略的制定提供依据。方法选取2015年11月-12月的874份流感样病例,收集病例的临床资料,采集咽拭子样本,采用实时荧光PCR法,进行人腺病毒核酸筛查。核酸阳性的标本进行病毒的分离培养。之后对培养物提取核酸,进行hexon基因扩增,对扩增产物测序和序列比对;采用MEGA 5.0软件进行基因进化树构建和分析。结果874份样本中,共检出人腺病毒核酸阳性19份,阳性率为2.17%(19/874);15岁以下患者阳性检出率最高,为4.15%(13/313)。男、女病毒检出率差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.360,P>0.05)。成功分离到18株人腺病毒,序列比对和进化分析结果显示,人腺病毒基因型别分布为C组HAd V-1(3/18,16.67%)、HAd V-2(3/18,16.67%)、B组HAd V-3型(12/18,66.67%)。结论调查期间北京地区流感样病例中有3种型别的人腺病毒流行,主要流行为HAd V-3型。人腺病毒感染病例主要分布于15岁以下人群。

Objective To investigate the infection status and type distribution of human adenovirus（HAdV） in influenza -like cases during November- December, 2015 in Beijing, so as to provide basis for the prevention and control of respiratory infectious diseases in Beijing. Methods 874 influenza - like cases were collected during November - December, 2015, and clinical data and throat swab specimens were obtained for human adenovirus examination by real - time RT - PCR. The nucleic acid positive specimens were isolated and cultured, then nucleic acid was extracted from the culture, hexon gene was amplified, and the amplified products were sequenced and compared. The phylogenetic tree was constructed and analyzed by MEGA 5.0 soft- ware. Results In the 874 samples, 19 positive samples were detected, and the positive rate was 2.17% （19/874）. In addition, the highest positive rate （4.15%） was observed in the studied subjects younger than 15 years old （13/313 ）. There was no statistical significance on the difference of detection rates between male and female（χ^2 = 1. 360, P 〉 0.05 ）. A total of 18 HAdV strains were isolated successfully. Phylogenic analysis based on partial hexon gene showed that the prevalent subtypes were HAdV-B3（12/18, 66.67%）, HAdV-CI（3/18, 16.67%）, HAdV-C2（3/18,16.67%）. Conclusion During the in- vestigation, there were 3 types of human adenovirus in influenza like cases in Beijing area, the main type was HAdV - 3, and the cases of human adenovirus infection were mainly distributed in people under the age of 15.