脾胃官职“谏议之官”“仓廪之官”比附探微

A Disscussion about"Official in Charge of admonition and arbitration"(谏议之官)and"Official of the granary"(仓廪之官)that Spleen and Stomach be Liken to Official Position

中医基础理论常取象比类将脏腑与官职相比附,对脾胃官职描述尚有分歧。《素问·灵兰秘典论》对"十二脏相使",将脾胃合而论之为"仓廪之官",《素问遗篇》将脾胃分别类比"谏议之官"与"仓廪之官"被认为是伪作;《中藏经》和《千金要方》中"十二脏相使"的内容也与《素问·灵兰秘典论》中大相径庭,《中藏经》称脾为"谏议之官",《千金要方》称脾为"谏议大夫",两书均早于王冰的《灵兰秘典论》。学者多认为王冰补充完善了"十二脏相使"并修改篇名,或是抄录了前人加工后的文章补充在此。与此不同的是在《刺法论》和《本病论》中将脾比拟"谏议之官",胃比拟"仓廪之官"。推至《内经》思想构建之时,脾胃官职说法不应合而论之,当为《素问遗篇》中"脾者,谏议之官,知周出焉","胃者,仓廪之官,五味出焉"。脾胃同时出现之处应为《素问·六节藏象论》,并与大肠、小肠、三焦、膀胱共同表达饮食水谷的受纳、运化与排泄的过程,为"仓廪之本",正是因为年代久远,经文遗失,加工,整理以及补充的过程,造成今天的学术分歧。

The analogy is usually used in basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine,which comparison of viscera to official position.There is divergence of description spleen and stomach liken to official in it. Spleen and stomach together was liken to ＂official of the granary＂ about the theory of ＂twelve visceras reciprocal use＂ in the Important Theory of Plain Questions in the Cahe.However,the spleen and stomach analogized apart to ＂official in charge of admonition and arbitration＂ and ＂official of the granary＂ in the Lost Essay of Plain Questions that is regarded as a pseudograph.Itwas also different from it in the Important Theory of P]ain Questions in the Cahethat ＂twelve visceras reciprocal use＂ in Zhongzangjing and Thousands Gold Prescription, which recorded spleen was ＂jianyi zhi guan＂ and ＂jianyi dafu＂. They were both erlier than Important Theory of Plain Questions In the Cahe of Wangbing. Many academics hold that Wangbing either complemented and perfected the theory of ＂twelve visceras reciprocal use＂ as well as changed the title or copied essay processed by predecessors to completment here. It was different from that spleen was liken to ＂official in charge of admonition and arbitration＂ and stomach was liken to ＂official of the granary＂ in both Cifalun and Benbinglun.Tracing back to days the Canon of Internal Medicine founded, it shouldn＇t discuss together about the official of spleen and stomach, wether it should be spleen was ＂official in charge of admonition and arbitration＂ and stomach was ＂official of the granary＂.h Liujie Viscers of Plain Question that both spleen and stomach appeared in.Large intestine,small intestine,triple warmer and bladder with them together should be the foundation of granary, which expressed the process stored, transformed and excreted food essence. The scholarly divergence was made by essay lost, process, arranged, supplied because ofantiquity.