财政转移支付的收入再分配效应探析

Study on the Income Redistribution Effect of Financial Transfer Payment

通过分析中国大陆31个省、市、自治区的1999—2014年的面板数据,较为细致地考察了财政转移支付的收入再分配效应,结果显示:就全国层面而言,财政转移性支出对缩小城乡人均收入比起到了作用,同时财政转移支出能够提高城镇和农村居民的收入,并且对农村居民收入的增加效应更强一些;就地区层面而言,东部地区的财政转移性支出对城乡收入差距几乎没有作用;中部地区的财政转移支出对城乡居民收入差距有较小的扩大作用;西部地区的财政转移支出对城乡收入差距有一定的缩小作用。

Based on the panel data of 31 provinces of Chinese mainland from 1999 to 2014,this paper examines the effect of fiscal transfers on income redistribution. The results are as follows. At the national level,the fiscal transfer expenditure has reduced the income gap of the urban and the rural to a certain extent,improved the income of both urban and rural residents, and increased the income of rural residents in a greater scale. At the regional level,there is little effects of fiscal transfer expenditure on the income gap between the urban and the rural in eastern areas. In the central regions,fiscal transfer has less effect on expanding the urban-rural income gap. Only in the western region,fiscal transfer has narrowed the urban-rural income gap in some way.