响应面分析法优化黑豆中皂苷的提取工艺及其抗氧化性研究

Optimization of extraction technology by response surface methodology and inoxidizability of saponins from black bean

以黑豆为原料,对黑豆皂苷的提取工艺进行了优化。通过单因素实验,分别考察了提取剂、溶剂浓度、料液比、提取温度、提取时间、原料颗粒度、p H等因素对皂苷得率的影响。并在单因素的基础上,采用Box-Behnken响应面法对黑豆皂苷提取工艺进行优化,建立了二次多项式回归方程的预测模型。研究结果表明,黑豆皂苷的最佳提取工艺是80%乙醇、提取温度80℃、料液比1∶45(g/m L)、提取时间150 min、原料粒径40目、p H9,皂苷得率为0.72%。抗氧化活性研究表明黑豆皂苷对DPPH自由基、羟基自由基和超氧阴离子自由基均有良好的清除能力,IC_(50)值分别为0.0506,0.148,0.172 mg/m L。由响应面法优化得到的黑豆皂苷的提取工艺方便可行,得到的黑豆皂苷具有较强的抗氧化活性,值得进一步开发利用。

In this paper, black beans as raw material, the response surface methodology （RSM）was used to optimize the extraction process of saponins from black bean.Based on one-factor-at-a-time experiments, extract yield of the saponins was used as response for establishing a quadratic regression model.The effects of solvent and solvent concentration, solid-liquid ratio, extraction temperature and time, particle size, pH on the yield of saponins from black beans were investigated.The study results showed that the optimum conditions for extraction of saponin from black bean as follows： extraction solvent 80% ethanol,extraction temperature 80 ~C, solid-liquid ratio 1：45 （g/mL）, extract for 150 min, particle size 40 mesh of raw materials,pH9, the yield of saponins from black beans was 0.7：2%. The antioxidant activity study showed that abilities of saponins in black beans to scavenge DPPH and hydroxyl radical and superoxide anion were good and the half-scavenging concentration（ IC50 ）were 0.0506,0.148,0.172 mg/mL respectively. Optimization of the extraction process by RSM of saponins of black bean is convenient and feasible. Saponins of black bean has good antioxidant activity and is worth to develop for application.