紫外线与保鲜膜对蓝莓冷藏保鲜效果的影响

Effects of ultraviolet and plastic film on preservation of blueberry during cold storage

研究了紫外线照射、保鲜膜挽口包装、紫外线照射结合保鲜膜挽口包装处理对2个不同南高丛蓝莓品种‘薄雾’和‘奥尼尔’果实在4℃冷藏条件下的腐烂率、可溶性固形物(TSS)、花青素、V_C、丙二醛(MDA)、过氧化物酶(POD)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平的变化,比较3种处理方式的贮藏效果。结果表明:随着冷藏期延长,2个蓝莓品种果实腐烂率不断升高,V_C含量逐步降低,TSS、花青素、MDA、POD和SOD水平均呈先升后降的趋势;与对照相比,紫外线照射、保鲜膜挽口包装、紫外线照射结合保鲜膜挽口包装处理降低了腐烂率,延缓了TSS、花青素(‘奥尼尔’除外)和VC水平的下降,降低了MDA、POD及SOD的峰值;在贮藏后期,紫外线照射结合保鲜膜挽口包装处理的POD和SOD活性显著高于其他处理,‘薄雾’果实腐烂率显著低于‘奥尼尔’,前者贮藏期长于后者。可见,紫外线照射结合保鲜膜挽口包装能较好地保持蓝莓果实冷藏期间的品质,尤以‘薄雾’蓝莓果实明显。

The effects of uhravioletradiation, plastic wrap packaging, and ultravioletradiation combined with plastic wrap packaging on changes in rot rate, the levels of total soluble solids（TSS） , vitamin C （Vc ） , malondialdehyde （MDA）, peroxidase （POD） and superoxide dismutase（SOD） were investigated in the two southern blueberry eultivars i.e＇ Misty＇ and ＇ O＇ Neal＇ at 4 ℃ storage condition ,aiming to compare the effectiveness of the three treatment methods for preserving blueberries.The results showed that,with increase of cold storage days, the rot rate of the two blueberry cultivars gradually increased, Vc gradually decreased ,the levels of TSS, anthocyanin, MDA,SOD and POD trended to increase first,and decrease later.Compared with the control,the three treatments i.e ultravioletradiation, plastic wrap packaging, and uhraviolet radiation combined with plastic wrap packaging, decreased the decay incidence, and delayed the decreases of TSS, anthocyanin （ except for ＇ O＇ Neal＇ ） , and Vc concentrations,reduced the peak values of MDA,POD and SOD.During the later storage,the activities of POD and SOD were higher in fruits treated by ultravioletradiation combined with plastic wrap packaging than by other treatments. The decay incidence was lower in ＇ Misty＇ fruits than in ＇ O＇ Neal＇ ones,and the storage time was longer in the former than in the later. Thus,uhravioletradiation combined with plastic wrap packaging can preferably keep the quality of the two blueberry euhivars, especially ＇ Misty＇, during the cold storage.