1748名体检者耳鸣流行病学调查

Investigation of the tinnitus' prevalence in healthy checkup in Dalian

目的了解大连地区体检人群的耳鸣发生状况。方法对2015-02-01~2015-04-01我院体检中心体检者1748人,年龄20岁以上;其中男性806人,女性942人,实施耳鸣问卷调查,询问有无耳鸣症状;对于有耳鸣者进一步询问耳鸣特性,包括耳鸣的病程、发作频次、每次耳鸣持续时间、耳鸣为搏动性或持续性,耳鸣为单侧或双侧。结果大连市体检人群总耳鸣发生率为32.4%(566/1748),持续性耳鸣发生率为18.3%(320/1748),短暂性耳鸣发生率为14.1%(246/1748);女性耳鸣发生率依次为36.4%(343/942)、20.0%(188/942)及16.5%(155/942),男性耳鸣发生率依次为27.7%(223/806)、16.4%(132/806)及11.3%(91/806)。女性耳鸣发生率均高于男性(总耳鸣发生率比较x^2=1 5.2,P<0.01,持续性耳鸣发生率比较x^2=3.7,P=0.054,短暂性耳鸣发生率比较x^2=9.6,P<0.01),总耳鸣发生率及持续性耳鸣发生率随年龄增长大体呈逐渐上升趋势(P均<0.01),短暂性耳鸣发生率随年龄增长变化趋势不明显。持续性耳鸣中客观性耳鸣发生率为1.3%(占总耳鸣6.9%),主观性耳鸣发生率为17.0%(占总耳鸣93.1%)。双侧耳鸣占总耳鸣78.1%,单侧占21.9%(其中右耳11.6%,左耳10.3%)。急性耳鸣、亚急性耳鸣及慢性耳鸣各占总耳鸣4.4%、3.8%及91.9%。有睡眠障碍及听力下降者各占31.9%(102/320)及14.1%(45/320)。结论大连市体检人群耳鸣发生率较高,总耳鸣发生率为32.4%,以双侧、慢性、主观性耳鸣为主。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the tinnitus＇ prevalence in Healthy check-up population in Dalian City. METHODS 1748 cases （male 806, female 942） were chosen from the Physical Examination Center of our hospital from February 1st, 2015 to April 1st, 2015, the tinnitus questionnaire was performed. For the cases with the tinnitus symptoms, the characteristics of tinnitus were further inquired, including the course of tinnitus, seizure frequency, the duration of tinnitus, pulsatile or persistent, unilateral or bilateral. RESULTS The total prevalence of tinnitus is 32.4%（566/1748）, the prevalence of persistent tinnitus is 18.3%（320/1748）, and the transient tinnitus is 14.1%（246/1748）; The prevalence of tinnitus in female are 36.4%（343/942）, 20.0%（188/942） and 16.5%（155/942） in turn, which are higher than that of the male 27.7%（223/806）, P〈0.01; 16.4%（132/806）, P=0.054, and 11.3%（91/806）, P〈0.01. Both the total and persistent tinnitus prevalence increase with age（P〈 0.01）, but the transient tinnitus doesn＇t increase with age. The prevalence of objective and subjective tinnitus are 1.3%（6.9% out of total prevalence of tinnitus）, and 17.0%（93.1% out of total prevalence of tinnitus）, respectively. The rate of bilateral tinnitus is 78.1% out of total tinnitus, and rate of unilateral tinnitus is 21.9%（right 11.6%, left 10.3%）. In addition, the rates of acute tinnitus, subacute tinnitus, and chronic tinnitus are 4.4%, 3.8%, and 91.9% out of total, respectively. Otherwise, the rates of sleep disorders and hearing loss complaining accounted for 31.9% and 14.1% respectively. CONCLUSION The prevalence of tinnitus is high in healthy check-up population of Dalian, the total prevalence of tinnitus is 32.4%, mainly bilateral,chronic and subjective.