全民健康生活方式行动健康支持工具的效果评价

The effect of the health supported tools handed out by “Healthy Lifestyle for All”

目的了解全民健康生活方式行动(以下简称"行动")健康支持工具[限盐勺、控油壶和体质指数计算盘(BMI尺)]的使用现状及其与健康生活方式知晓和行为的关系。方法数据来自2012年全国"行动"评估调查。采用分层随机抽样方法,在全国每个省(区、市)随机抽取1个开展行动的县(区)和1个未开展行动的县(区),每个县区随机抽取18岁及以上常住居民500名,开展面对面问卷调查,共对28 159人的资料进行分析。采用SAS 9.4统计软件包进行分析,计数资料的比较用χ~2检验,计数资料的趋势检验采用趋势χ~2检验,采用多因素logistic回归分析健康支持工具使用现状与健康知识知晓和行为的关系。结果限盐勺的偶尔和经常使用率分别为16.8%和15.3%,控油壶的偶尔和经常使用率分别为14.3%和12.5%,BMI尺的使用率为19.4%。调整其他社会经济人口学因素后,经常使用限盐勺居民食盐推荐量知晓率(OR=3.934,95%CI:3.633~4.260)、采取控盐行为率(OR=12.317,95%CI:11.062~13.715)、食盐口味变淡比例(OR=5.346,95%CI:4.967~5.755)均高于未使用限盐勺的居民;使用控油壶的居民食用油推荐量知晓率(OR=5.516,95%CI:5.092~5.975)、自觉控油行为率(OR=11.955,95%CI:10.769~13.271)、食用油摄入变少的比例(OR=6.947,95%CI:6.405~7.535)均高于未使用控油壶的居民;使用BMI尺的居民正常BMI范围知晓率(OR=7.041,95%CI:6.587~7.528)、自觉控制体重行为率(OR=2.943,95%CI:2.761~3.138)、准确估计自身体重比例(OR=1.415,95%CI:1.324~1.512)均高于未使用BMI尺的居民。结论限盐勺、控油壶和BMI尺的使用与相关健康知识和健康行为呈正相关,使用者的健康知识知晓率和健康行为率均较高。应加强健康支持工具的开发和推广,有效防控慢性病。

Objective To study the efficacy of salt restricted spoon,oil control pot and body mass index calculation ruler （BMI ruler） handed out by ＆quot;Healthy Lifestyle for All＆quot; （CHLA）,and the relationship between healthy lifestyle awareness and behavior.Methods The data were from CHLA in 2012.The stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select two counties （one with CHLA and one without CHLA） from each province of China and to select 500 residents （≥ 18 years old） from each county.The investigation was conducted with face-to-face questionnaire interview.The x2 test was used to analyze the data of 28 159subjects with SAS 9.4 software,and multivariable logistic regression method was utilized to analyze the relationship between health supported tools and healthy lifestyle awareness or behavior.Results The occasional use rate and frequent use rate of salt restricted spoon were 16.9% and 15.3%,respectively.The occasional use rate and frequent use rate of oil control pot were 14.3% and 12.5%,respectively.The use rate of BMI ruler was 19.4%.After adjusting for the social-economical demography factors,the awareness rates of salt recommendation （OR=3.934,95%CI：3.633-4.260）,the rate of taking salt constriction behaviors （OR=12.317,95%CI：11.062-13.715） and the rate of taste being less salty （OR=5.346,95%CI：4.967-5.755） in residents with frequent using salt restricted spoon were significantly higher than those in residents without frequent using salt restricted spoon;the awareness rates of oil recommendation （OR=5.516,95%CI：5.029-5.975）,the rate of oil control （OR=11.955,95%CI：10.769-13.271） and the rate of low oil intake （OR =6.947,95%CI：6.405-7.535） in residents with oil control pot were significantly higher than those in residents without oil control pot.The awareness rate （OR=7.041,95%CI：6.587-7.528） of normal BMI value,the rate of weight control behaviors （OR=2.943,95%CI：2.761-3.138） and the rate of estimating accurately self-weight （OR=1.415,95%CI：1.324-1.512） in residents with BMI ruler were significantly higher than those in residents without BMI ruler.Conclusion The use of salt restricted spoon,oil control pot and BMI ruler are positively correlated to health knowledge and health behavior.The health knowledge awareness rate and health behavior rate are higher.The health supported tools should be developed for controlling chronic diseases.